Fluoride
Fluoride contributes to strong teeth and bones, though excess intake can lead to health concerns. Here's what you need to know.
Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral best known for its role in dental health. It helps strengthen enamel, making teeth more resistant to decay, and may also support bone mineralization when consumed in appropriate amounts.
Most fluoride intake comes from drinking water (especially in areas with fluoridated municipal supplies), as well as from tea, coffee, canned seafood, and some grains. While moderate intake supports oral health, excessive fluoride can lead to symptoms like nausea or joint pain — and in severe cases, skeletal fluorosis.
Because fluoride is present in water, toothpaste, and food, total intake can add up. The key is staying within safe daily ranges while understanding how different sources contribute to your overall exposure.
Recommended Daily Intake
- Women: 3 milligrams
- Men: 4 milligrams
- Upper Limit: 10 milligrams
Deficiency Symptoms
- Nausea, vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhea
- Joint pain
- Skeletal fluorosis, or bone loss (from chronically excessive intakes)
Common Food Sources
- Brewed black tea and coffee
- Fluoridated water
- Canned shellfish like shrimp and blue crab
- Oatmeal
- Raisins
- Potatoes